Herkenning veranderd
DNA RNA
Een virus kan het
DNA of RNA van een
cel veranderen.
Onderzoekers raken
langzaam aan
bedreven in
het herkennen van
veranderd DNA en
RNA. En kunnen dus
aan het veranderde
DNA en RNA steeds
beter zien of er
iets aan de hand is
met het DNA en RNA.
En wat er aan de
hand is. Dit is in
het beginstadium van
de ontwikkeling maar
de eerste stappen
zijn gezet en er kan
al het een en ander
herkent worden.
Video DNA RNA What
does it do in
a Protein:
What is a protein?
Viruses and
DNA/RNA
Viruses are microscopic
intracellular parasites
containing DNA or RNA as
genetic material.
They must have a host cell
in order to survive. They enter
the cell and
take over the
host’s metabolic machinery to
make more of themselves.
Viruses can infect a wide range
of hosts or type of tissues, or
have a
limited affinity for
some of them. This is called
species, host, or tissue
specificity and depends on the
host cell’s receptors and the
viral spikes or
peplomers (a
specific key opens only a
specific lock concept).
Some viruses can remain
latent or produce a chronic
infection in the host,
some
others are potentially oncogenic
or Teratogenic (have the ability
to
induce carcinogenic or
mutagenic changes in the host
genome), and still
other can
produce mild to fatal diseases
in the host.
Viruses that
infect and cause disease in
humans are divided into two
large
groups based on the
type of their genetic material,
either DNA or RNA.
Only
animal viruses show an
additional layer covering the
capsid called
envelope.
Enveloped viruses are less
resistant to disinfectants,
heat, etc.
than their naked
counterparts.
Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR to
detect virus effects in DNA
The polymerase chain
reaction is a technique to
amplify a single or few copies
of a piece of DNA across several
orders of magnitude, generating
thousands to millions of copies
of a particular DNA sequence
Polymerase Chain Reaction is a
sensitive technique to
locate tiny fragments of virus
DNA .
Interferons
Host
cells have several defenses
against the viral attacks. For
example viral infection leads to
the synthesis and secretion of
proteins called interferons ,
which "interfere" with viral
replication by helping adjacent
uninfected cells become
resistant to infection.
Mitochondriën
Energie
productie cellen
Een defect
in de mitochondriën kan zorgen
voor een verminderde aanmaak van
energie in de lichaamscellen.
Het tekort aan energie kan in de
verschillende organen in het
lichaam gevolgen hebben. De
klachten zijn per patiënt
verschillend en kunnen variëren
van mild tot zeer ernstig.
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